Multiple buffers with GDI+

[gottygolly]

I'm currently working on a project and I've ran into a problem and I was hoping one of the wizards could solve this (or someone that's smarter than me, shouldn't be hard to find).

#include<gdiplus.au3>
$gui = GUICreate("",640,480,-1,-1)
Opt("GUIOnEventMode",1)
GUISetOnEvent(-3,"_Exit")
GUISetState()
_GDIPlus_Startup()
$hwnd = _GDIPlus_GraphicsCreateFromHWND($gui)
$bitmap = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(640,480,$hwnd)
$buffer = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap)
$pen = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0xFFFF0000,10)
$pen2 = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0xFFFFFFFF,10)

While 1
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsClear($buffer)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($buffer,10,10,10,100,$pen) ;When this one moves it will cause the the other buffer to move. Simulating a larger area moved.
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($buffer,100,10,100,100,$pen2) ;Instead of "$buffer" instead have it set to say "$buffer_background".
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect($hwnd,$bitmap,0,0,640,480)
    Sleep(10)
WEnd

Func _Exit()
        _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen2)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDispose($buffer)
    _GDIPlus_BitmapDispose($bitmap)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDispose($hwnd)
    _GDIPlus_Shutdown()
    Exit
EndFunc

My problem is I need to have lets say a triple buffer for the lack of a better term. I want to be able to move the red line and when the red line hits one of the walls of the GUI it then stops moving and it then moves the white lines buffer. Kind of like a giant map.

I don't know if I explained myself very well so please ask questions if it will help you because if it helps you it'll help me too.

Thanks in advance (in case I fall asleep)

[UEZ]

Can you describe a little more in detail what you are planning to do? I don't understand the meaning of the triple buffer here.

 

Thanks.

[gottygolly]

I tried to use some example code but I guess it wasn't enough.

expandcollapse popup

#include<array.au3>
#include<gdiplus.au3>
#include<misc.au3>
#include<windowsconstants.au3>
$gui = GUICreate("",640,480,-1,-1,$WS_MAXIMIZEBOX)
Opt("GUIOnEventMode",1)
GUISetOnEvent(-3,"_Exit")
$got = False
$spawned = False
$speed = 25 ;Adjust to move faster/slower. Note: the number is the number of pixels moved.
$car_look_forward = True
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = False
Local $wheel[4]
$x_top_body = 285
$y_top_body = 350
$x_top_old = 285
$y_top_old = 350
$x_bottom_body = 285
$y_bottom_body = 425
$x_top_wheel = $x_top_body - 25
$y_top_wheel = $y_top_body
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_top_body - 25
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_top_body + 20
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 5
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 25
$x_wheel_turn = 50
$y_wheel_turn = 55
$pressed = False
Local $fps
GUISetState()
$y_rect = 0
$x_rect = 0
$gui_cp_og = WinGetPos($gui)
$size_x = $gui_cp_og[2]
$size_y = $gui_cp_og[3]
AdlibRegister("FPS", 1000)
_GDIPlus_Startup()
$hwnd = _GDIPlus_GraphicsCreateFromHWND($gui)
$bitmap = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(2000, 1000, $hwnd)
$backbuffer = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap)
$bitmap_2 = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(2000, 1000, $hwnd)
$backbuffer_2 = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap_2)
$pen_body = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0xFF000FF00,30)
$pen_window = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0xFFFFFFFFF,20)
$pen_wheels = _gdiplus_pencreate(0x093456634,10)
$pen_barrel = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0x0F3456634,10)
$pen_headlight = _GDIPlus_PenCreate(0xFFFFFFFFF,5)
$brush_light = _GDIPlus_BrushCreateSolid(0xF0FFFFF00)
Local $apoints[4][2],$apoints2[4][2]
While 1
    $gui_cp = WinGetPos($gui)
    $fps += 1
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsClear($backbuffer)
    $path = _GDIPlus_PathCreate()
    If $y_top_body <> $y_top_old Or $x_top_body <> $x_top_old Then
        $x_top_old = $x_top_body
        $y_top_old = $y_top_body
        _Spawn_barrel()
    EndIf
    If $gui_cp[2] <> $gui_cp_og[2] Or $gui_cp[3] <> $gui_cp_og[3] Then
        $hwnd = _GDIPlus_GraphicsCreateFromHWND($gui)
$bitmap = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(2000, 1000, $hwnd)
$backbuffer = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap)
$bitmap_2 = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(2000, 1000, $hwnd)
$backbuffer_2 = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap_2)
$gui_cp_og[2] = $gui_cp[2]
$gui_cp_og[3] = $gui_cp[3]
EndIf
;_GDIPlus_GraphicsClear($backbuffer_2)  ;Double buffer.
    If _IsPressed("26") And Not _IsPressed("25") And Not _IsPressed("27") Then ;Up
        If $car_look_forward = True Then
            If $y_top_body >= 75 Then
        $y_top_body -= $speed
        $y_bottom_body -= $speed
        $y_top_window -= $speed
        $y_bottom_window -= $speed
        $y_top_wheel -= $speed
        $y_bottom_wheel -= $speed
    Else
        $y_rect += $speed
        EndIf
    ElseIf $car_look_left = True Then
        If $x_top_body >= 75 Then
        $x_top_body -= $speed
        $x_bottom_body -= $speed
        $x_top_window -= $speed
        $x_bottom_window -= $speed
        $x_top_wheel -= $speed
        $x_bottom_wheel -= $speed
        Else
        $x_rect += $speed
        EndIf
    ElseIf $car_look_back = True Then
        If $y_top_body <= $gui_cp[3]-75 Then
        $y_top_body += $speed
        $y_bottom_body += $speed
        $y_top_window += $speed
        $y_bottom_window += $speed
        $y_top_wheel += $speed
        $y_bottom_wheel += $speed
        Else
        $y_rect -= $speed
        EndIf
    ElseIf $car_look_right = True Then
        If $x_top_body <= $gui_cp[2]-75 Then
        $x_top_body += $speed
        $x_bottom_body += $speed
        $x_top_window += $speed
        $x_bottom_window += $speed
        $x_top_wheel += $speed
        $x_bottom_wheel += $speed
        Else
        $x_rect -= $speed
        EndIf
    EndIf
    EndIf
    If _IsPressed("28") And Not _IsPressed("25") And Not _IsPressed("27") Then ;Down
        If $car_look_forward = True Then
        $y_top_body += $speed
        $y_bottom_body += $speed
        $y_top_window += $speed
        $y_bottom_window += $speed
        $y_top_wheel += $speed
        $y_bottom_wheel += $speed
        $y_rect -= $speed
    ElseIf $car_look_left = True Then
        $x_top_body += $speed
        $x_bottom_body += $speed
        $x_top_window += $speed
        $x_bottom_window += $speed
        $x_top_wheel += $speed
        $x_bottom_wheel += $speed
        $x_rect -= $speed
    ElseIf $car_look_back = True Then
        $y_top_body -= $speed
        $y_bottom_body -= $speed
        $y_top_window -= $speed
        $y_bottom_window -= $speed
        $y_top_wheel -= $speed
        $y_bottom_wheel -= $speed
        $y_rect += $speed
    ElseIf $car_look_right = True Then
        $x_top_body -= $speed
        $x_bottom_body -= $speed
        $x_top_window -= $speed
        $x_bottom_window -= $speed
        $x_top_wheel -= $speed
        $x_bottom_wheel -= $speed
        $x_rect += $speed
        EndIf
    EndIf
    If _IsPressed("25") Then ;Left
        Sleep(100)
    _Change_Direction()
ElseIf _IsPressed("27") Then ;Right
    Sleep(100)
    _Change_Direction_Right()
EndIf
_Curve()
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsFillClosedCurve($backbuffer, $aPoints,$brush_light)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsFillClosedCurve($backbuffer, $aPoints2,$brush_light)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_body,$y_top_body,$x_bottom_body,$y_bottom_body,$pen_body)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_window,$y_top_window,$x_bottom_window,$y_bottom_window,$pen_window)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_wheel,$y_top_wheel,$x_bottom_wheel,$y_bottom_wheel,$pen_wheels);front_left
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_wheel+$x_wheel_turn,$y_top_wheel,$x_bottom_wheel+$x_wheel_turn,$y_bottom_wheel,$pen_wheels);front_right
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_wheel,$y_top_wheel+$y_wheel_turn,$x_bottom_wheel,$y_bottom_wheel+$y_wheel_turn,$pen_wheels);back_left
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$x_top_wheel+$x_wheel_turn,$y_top_wheel+$y_wheel_turn,$x_bottom_wheel+$x_wheel_turn,$y_bottom_wheel+$y_wheel_turn,$pen_wheels);back_right
    If $spawned = True Then
        _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer_2,$ran_x_line,$ran_y_line,$ran_x_line,$ran_y_line_solid,$pen_barrel)
    EndIf
    Sleep(100)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect($hwnd, $bitmap, 0, 0, 2000, 1000)
    ;_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer_2,0,0,100,100,$pen_body)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect($hwnd, $bitmap_2, $x_rect, $y_rect, 2000, 1000)
WEnd

Func _Exit() ;Exit?
    _GDIPlus_BrushDispose($brush_light)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen_body)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen_window)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen_wheels)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen_barrel)
    _GDIPlus_PenDispose($pen_headlight)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDispose($backbuffer)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDispose($backbuffer_2)
    _GDIPlus_BitmapDispose($bitmap)
    _GDIPlus_BitmapDispose($bitmap_2)
    _GDIPlus_PathDispose($path)
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDispose($hwnd)
    _GDIPlus_Shutdown()
    Exit
EndFunc

Func _Change_Direction() ;Changes directions when you press the left arrow key.
    If $car_look_left = False And $car_look_forward = True Then
$x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 5
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 1
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 25
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 1
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = True
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = False
ElseIf $car_look_left = True And $car_look_back = False Then
$x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_top_window = $y_top_body - 5
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body - 25
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = True
ElseIf $car_look_back = True And $car_look_right = False Then
    $x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body - 5
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 1
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body - 25
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 1
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = True
$car_look_back = False
ElseIf $car_look_right = True And $car_look_forward = False Then
    $x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 5
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 25
$car_look_forward = True
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = False
EndIf
EndFunc

Func _Change_Direction_Right() ;Changes direction when you press the right arrow key.
    If $car_look_right = False And $car_look_forward = True Then
$x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body - 5
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 1
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body - 25
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 1
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = True
$car_look_back = False
ElseIf $car_look_right = True And $car_look_back = False Then
$x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_top_window = $y_top_body - 5
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body - 25
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = True
ElseIf $car_look_back = True And $car_look_left = False Then
    $x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top-(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom+(($y_top-$y_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($y_wheel_top-$y_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 5
$y_top_window = $y_top_body - 1
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 25
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body - 1
$car_look_forward = False
$car_look_left = True
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = False
ElseIf $car_look_left = True And $car_look_forward = False Then
    $x_top = $x_top_body
    $x_bottom = $x_bottom_body
    $y_top = $y_top_body
    $y_bottom = $y_bottom_body
    $x_wheel_top = $x_top_wheel
    $y_wheel_top = $y_top_wheel
    $x_wheel_bottom = $x_bottom_wheel
    $y_wheel_bottom = $y_bottom_wheel
    $x_window_top = $x_top_window
    $y_window_top = $y_top_window
    $x_window_bottom = $x_bottom_window
    $y_window_bottom = $y_bottom_window
$x_top_body = $x_top-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_top_body = $y_top+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_body = $x_bottom+(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_body = $y_bottom-(($x_top-$x_bottom)/2)
$x_top_wheel = $x_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_top_wheel = $y_wheel_top-(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_bottom_wheel = $x_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$y_bottom_wheel = $y_wheel_bottom+(($x_wheel_top-$x_wheel_bottom)/2)
$x_top_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_top_window = $y_top_body + 5
$x_bottom_window = $x_top_body + 1
$y_bottom_window = $y_top_body + 25
$car_look_forward = True
$car_look_left = False
$car_look_right = False
$car_look_back = False
EndIf
EndFunc

Func _Curve() ;This is the headlight size function.
    If $car_look_forward = True Then
    $aPoints[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints[1][0] = $x_top_body-20
    $aPoints[1][1] = $y_top_body-10
    $aPoints[2][0] = $x_top_body-80
    $aPoints[2][1] = $y_top_body-90
    $aPoints[3][0] = $x_top_body+40
    $aPoints[3][1] = $y_top_body-90
    $aPoints2[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints2[1][0] = $x_top_body+20
    $aPoints2[1][1] = $y_top_body-10
    $aPoints2[2][0] = $x_top_body-40
    $aPoints2[2][1] = $y_top_body-90
    $aPoints2[3][0] = $x_top_body+80
    $aPoints2[3][1] = $y_top_body-90
ElseIf $car_look_left = True Then
    $aPoints[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints[1][0] = $x_top_body-10
    $aPoints[1][1] = $y_top_body-20
    $aPoints[2][0] = $x_top_body-90
    $aPoints[2][1] = $y_top_body-80
    $aPoints[3][0] = $x_top_body-90
    $aPoints[3][1] = $y_top_body+40
    $aPoints2[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints2[1][0] = $x_top_body-10
    $aPoints2[1][1] = $y_top_body+20
    $aPoints2[2][0] = $x_top_body-90
    $aPoints2[2][1] = $y_top_body-40
    $aPoints2[3][0] = $x_top_body-90
    $aPoints2[3][1] = $y_top_body+80
ElseIf $car_look_back = True Then
    $aPoints[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints[1][0] = $x_top_body+20
    $aPoints[1][1] = $y_top_body+10
    $aPoints[2][0] = $x_top_body+80
    $aPoints[2][1] = $y_top_body+90
    $aPoints[3][0] = $x_top_body-40
    $aPoints[3][1] = $y_top_body+90
    $aPoints2[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints2[1][0] = $x_top_body-20
    $aPoints2[1][1] = $y_top_body+10
    $aPoints2[2][0] = $x_top_body+40
    $aPoints2[2][1] = $y_top_body+90
    $aPoints2[3][0] = $x_top_body-80
    $aPoints2[3][1] = $y_top_body+90
ElseIf $car_look_right = True Then
    $aPoints[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints[1][0] = $x_top_body+10
    $aPoints[1][1] = $y_top_body+20
    $aPoints[2][0] = $x_top_body+90
    $aPoints[2][1] = $y_top_body+80
    $aPoints[3][0] = $x_top_body+90
    $aPoints[3][1] = $y_top_body-40
    $aPoints2[0][0] = 3
    $aPoints2[1][0] = $x_top_body+10
    $aPoints2[1][1] = $y_top_body-20
    $aPoints2[2][0] = $x_top_body+90
    $aPoints2[2][1] = $y_top_body+40
    $aPoints2[3][0] = $x_top_body+90
    $aPoints2[3][1] = $y_top_body-80
EndIf
EndFunc

Func FPS() ;Used this from the Suspended Cloth Simulation.
    WinSetTitle($GUI,"","FPS: " & $fps)
    $fps = 0x00000000
EndFunc

Func _Spawn_barrel()
    If $got = False And $spawned = False Then
    Global $ran_x_line = Random(5,470)
    Global $ran_y_line = Random(5,470)
    Global $ran_y_line_solid = $ran_y_line + 20
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer_2,$ran_x_line,$ran_y_line,$ran_x_line,$ran_y_line_solid,$pen_barrel)
    $got = True
    $spawned = True
EndIf
EndFunc

The code above is my actual script. If you move you can see that a "barrel" spawns but flickers. Is there a way to paint the barrel so it won't flicker but still moves the way it moves right now?

[binhnx]

You've misunderstand the term "multiple buffering". 

The flickering is cause by a sequence of slow-painting-action *directly* to the screen buffer.

To solve the flickering issues, you actually need some kind of multiple buffering, in this case double buffering is enough. 

To be double buffered, the entire frame need to be paint to *one* buffer (back-buffer), that buffer will be flip/copy to the screen buffer (front-buffer) to show directly in the screen (eg. monitor), which you've done by using 

_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect

That function should be called *only one* each time you finish with the back-buffer, because its the one which directly communicate with the front buffer.

It seems that due to misunderstanding, you're using *2* buffers and then call copy function *twice*. With your 2000x1000 = 2Megapixel large buffer, with the low speed of GDI+ (all done by CPU, not by GPU acceleration), with two sequence call to it, all the condition are met to make your game flicker like crazy.

So you need to use only one buffer. Calculate all the coordinates and paint the right thing to the right location in the back buffer, then copy it to the front buffer. Don't use 2 back buffers and copy twice. (Indeed, in triple-buffering, you also copy once and only once. There are 2 back buffers, but there is always (at a specified moment) only one back buffer to be painted to, and one to be swapped/copy to the front buffer. When the painting finished, we flip 2 back buffers)

And a footnote: using loopy-based input model is quite rarely used in game development. Think like this, you and your friend need to meet to exchange some information. The correct way is, when you arrive at her house, you need to press doorbell (or phone her) so she know you've arrived. But a lot scripter did another way, they ask their girl-friends to go out and check for your arrival, say, every 100 milliseconds ('kay, in real world, it can be 15 mins or 2 hours interval) but its totally inefficient and unreliable. You can see that. If you busy all the day and can only come to her house at the very end of the day, so she need to go out and check several times to solve nothing. The more frequently she go out and looking for you, the more inefficient. Yes, you can ask her go out less frequently, but there are also a cavet: you can arrive at the time she is inside her house. Since 2 you have none method to communicate with each other, she don't know that you've arrived. And you, when don't see her outside, you also go back to your home without any information/gifts. Say the computer words, when your user press their keyboard button but your apps is currently executing this line

Sleep(100)

so the user's press event will silently killed. You can only *reduce* (not remove) the case the event loss by increase the frequency, but it effect the performance (more inefficient). 

Switch your app to event mode. Create some 'dummy' control in your GUI, and take a look at the GUISetAccelerators function. This way every event is catch when it comes, efficiently and reliability.

Edited June 3, 2015 by binhnx

[gottygolly]

Thanks for all the help binhnx, you brought up some points that I never even thought of and helped a lot with what I am working on. Can't thank you enough.

[UEZ]

Well, I didn't realize the huge "back buffer" you have created but that shouldn't be a big problem if you copy only the portion of that huge back buffer that fits to your GUI  using _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRectRect. The only way to speed it up is to mix-up GDI and GDI+ by using _WinAPI_BitBlt.

An example can be found here: CoSiNUs brOTHerS inTRO

 

Short explanation to 

$hwnd = _GDIPlus_GraphicsCreateFromHWND($gui)
$bitmap = _GDIPlus_BitmapCreateFromGraphics(2000, 1000, $hwnd)
$backbuffer = _GDIPlus_ImageGetGraphicsContext($bitmap)

What you are here doing is to create the graphic handle which will be shown in the GUI. You can either draw directly to this graphic handle ($hwnd) or draw to the $backbuffer handle which points to the bitmap (wrapper) because you cannot draw directly to bitmaps (except the pixel set function). Only drawn to $hwnd handle will be shown directly in the GUI. Only after _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect you will see the content of the bitmap in the GUI.

These processes are running sequentially not in parallel!

To animate something without flickering you have to finish drawing on the back buffer and then copy the result (bitmap) to the GUI.

Using more than one back buffer make only sense if you need additional operations like rotation whereas the visible graphic handle shouldn't be impacted by the rotation. That means the back buffers will be copied  sequentially to the GUI (overlapped).

Edited June 4, 2015 by UEZ

[gottygolly]

Thanks for all the help guys, I've learned a lot in just the past few hours but some things I don't quite get.

so the user's press event will silently killed. You can only *reduce* (not remove) the case the event loss by increase the frequency, but it effect the performance (more inefficient). 

Switch your app to event mode. Create some 'dummy' control in your GUI, and take a look at the GUISetAccelerators function. This way every event is catch when it comes, efficiently and reliability.

​Is this what you mean by using the Accelerators?

$right_dum = GUICtrlCreateDummy()
$left_dum = GUICtrlCreateDummy()
Dim $keys[2][2] = [["{LEFT}",$left_dum],["{RIGHT}",$right_dum]]
GUISetAccelerators($keys)
GUICtrlSetOnEvent($right_dum,"_change_direction_right")
GUICtrlSetOnEvent($left_dum,"_Change_direction")

To animate something without flickering you have to finish drawing on the back buffer and then copy the result (bitmap) to the GUI.

Using more than one back buffer make only sense if you need additional operations like rotation whereas the visible graphic handle shouldn't be impacted by the rotation. That means the back buffers will be copied  sequentially to the GUI (overlapped).

​You've helped me a lot so far UEZ and I can't be more thankful but one last question (hopefully) how do you copy the result to the GUI?

I tried this but not sure if this is what you mean (it still causes it to flicker)

_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRectRect($hwnd, $backbuffer, 0, 0, 640, 480,0,0,640,480)

 

[binhnx]

Thanks for all the help guys, I've learned a lot in just the past few hours but some things I don't quite get.

​Is this what you mean by using the Accelerators?

$right_dum = GUICtrlCreateDummy()
$left_dum = GUICtrlCreateDummy()
Dim $keys[2][2] = [["{LEFT}",$left_dum],["{RIGHT}",$right_dum]]
GUISetAccelerators($keys)
GUICtrlSetOnEvent($right_dum,"_change_direction_right")
GUICtrlSetOnEvent($left_dum,"_Change_direction")​

Yes, and do it also for up and down key, you will see your game will respond to key press more accuracy and smoothly.

 

I tried this but not sure if this is what you mean (it still causes it to flicker)

_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRectRect($hwnd, $backbuffer, 0, 0, 640, 480,0,0,640,480)

Not sure why you still get flickering. I try editing some lines and the flickering gone:

If $spawned = True Then
    _GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer,$ran_x_line+$x_rect,$ran_y_line+$y_rect,$ran_x_line+$x_rect,$ran_y_line_solid+$y_rect,$pen_barrel)
EndIf
Sleep(100)
_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRectRect($hwnd, $bitmap, 0, 0, 640, 480, 0, 0, 640, 480)
;_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawLine($backbuffer_2,0,0,100,100,$pen_body)
;_GDIPlus_GraphicsDrawImageRect($hwnd, $bitmap_2, $x_rect, $y_rect, 2000, 1000)

 

[gottygolly]

If i edit the code the same way you did I also lose the flickering but then lose the ability to move the barrel around when the "car" moves. I'll keep trying different things and hopefully figure it out soon, thanks for the tip with the accelerator keys!

[nitekram]

Any update on this? I am looking to learn more about these functions, and this appears to be very informative.