Leaderboard

Hello Guys! I wanted to share all my knowledge on arrays! Hope may enjoy the article , Lets start! Declaring arrays! Declaring arrays is a little different than other variables: ; Rules to follow while declaring arrays: ; ; Rule #1: You must have a declarative keyword like Dim/Global/Local before the declaration unless the array is assigned a value from a functions return (Ex: StringSplit) ; Rule #2: You must declare the number of dimensions but not necessarily the size of the dimension if you are gonna assign the values at the time of declaration. #include <Array.au3> Local $aEmptyArray[0] ; Creates an Array with 0 elements (aka an Empty Array). Local $aArrayWithData[1] = ["Data"] _ArrayDisplay($aEmptyArray) _ArrayDisplay($aArrayWithData) That's it Resizing Arrays Its easy! Just like declaring an empty array! ReDim is our friend here: #include <Array.au3> Local $aArrayWithData[1] = ["Data1"] ReDim $aArrayWithData[2] ; Change the number of elements in the array, I have added an extra element! $aArrayWithData[1] = "Data2" _ArrayDisplay($aArrayWithData) Just make sure that you don't use ReDim too often (especially don't use it in loops!), it can slow down you program. Best practice of using "Enum" You might be wondering what they might be... Do you know the Const keyword which you use after Global/Local keyword? Global/Local are declarative keywords which are used to declare variables, of course, you would know that already by now , If you check the documentation for Global/Local there is a optional parameter called Const which willl allow you to "create a constant rather than a variable"... Enum is similar to Const, it declares Integers (ONLY Integers): Global Enum $ZERO, $ONE, $TWO, $THREE, $FOUR, $FIVE, $SIX, $SEVEN, $EIGHT, $NINE ; And so on... ; $ZERO will evaluate to 0 ; $ONE will evaluate to 1 ; You get the idea :P ; Enum is very useful to declare Constants each containing a number (starting from 0) This script will demonstrate the usefulness and neatness of Enums : ; We will create an array which will contain details of the OS Global Enum $ARCH, $TYPE, $LANG, $VERSION, $BUILD, $SERVICE_PACK Global $aOS[6] = [@OSArch, @OSType, @OSLang, @OSVersion, @OSBuild, @OSServicePack] ; Now, if you want to access anything related to the OS, you would do this: ConsoleWrite(@CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Architecture: " & $aOS[$ARCH] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Type: " & $aOS[$TYPE] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Langauge: " & $aOS[$LANG] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Version: " & $aOS[$VERSION] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Build: " & $aOS[$BUILD] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite('+>' & "Service Pack: " & $aOS[$SERVICE_PACK] & @CRLF) ConsoleWrite(@CRLF) ; Isn't it cool? XD You can use this in your UDF(s) or Program(s), it will look very neat! Looping through an Array Looping through an array is very easy! . There are 2 ways to loop an array in AutoIt! Simple Way: ; This is a very basic way to loop through an array ; In this way we use a For...In...Next Loop! Global $aArray[2] = ["Foo", "Bar"] ; Create an array ; This loop will loop 2 times because our $aArray contains 2 elements. For $vElement In $aArray ; $vElement will contain the value of the elements in the $aArray... one element at a time. ConsoleWrite($vElement & @CRLF) ; Prints the element out to the console Next ; And that's it! Advanced Way: ; This is an advanced way to loop through an array ; In this way we use a For...To...Next Loop! Global $aArray[4] = ["Foo", "Bar", "Baz", "Quack"] ; Create an array ; This loop will loop 2 times because our $aArray contains 2 elements. For $i = 0 To UBound($aArray) - 1 ; $i is automatically created and is set to zero, UBound($aArray) returns the no. of elements in the $aArray. ConsoleWrite($aArray[$i] & @CRLF) ; Prints the element out to the console. Next ; This is the advanced way, we use $i to access the elements! ; With the advanced method you can also use the Step keyword to increase the offset in each "step" of the loop: ; This will only print every 2nd element starting from 0 ConsoleWrite(@CRLF & "Every 2nd element: " & @CRLF) For $i = 0 To UBound($aArray) - 1 Step 2 ConsoleWrite($aArray[$i] & @CRLF) Next ; This will print the elements in reverse order! ConsoleWrite(@CRLF & "In reverse: " & @CRLF) For $i = UBound($aArray) - 1 To 0 Step -1 ConsoleWrite($aArray[$i] & @CRLF) Next ; And that ends this section! For some reason, many people use the advance way more than the simple way . For more examples of loops see this post by @FrancescoDiMuro! Interpreting Multi-Dimensional Arrays Yeah, its the most brain squeezing problem for newbies, Imagining an 3D Array... I will explain it in a very simple way for ya, so stop straining you brain now! . This way will work for any array regardless of its dimensions... Ok, Lets start... You can imagine an array as a (data) mine of information: ; Note that: ; Dimension = Level (except the ground level :P) ; Element in a Dimension = Path ; Level 2 ----------\ ; Level 1 -------\ | ; Level 0 ----\ | | ; v v v Local $aArray[2][2][2] ; \-----/ ; | ; v ; Ground Level ; As you can see that $aArray is the Ground Level ; All the elements start after the ground level, i.e from level 0 ; Level 0 Contains 2 different paths ; Level 1 Contains 4 different paths ; Level 2 Contains 8 different paths ; When you want too fill some data in the data mine, ; You can do that like this: $aArray[0][0][0] = 1 $aArray[0][0][1] = 2 $aArray[0][1][0] = 3 $aArray[0][1][1] = 4 $aArray[1][0][0] = 5 $aArray[1][0][1] = 6 $aArray[1][1][0] = 7 $aArray[1][1][1] = 8 ; Don't get confused with the 0s & 1s, Its just tracing the path! ; Try to trace the path of a number with the help of the image! Its super easy! :D I hope you might have understand how an array looks, Mapping your way through is the key in Multi-Dimensional arrays, You take the help of notepad if you want! Don't be shy! Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) & Their answers Q #1. What are Arrays? A. An Array is an datatype of an variable (AutoIt has many datatypes of variables like "strings", "integers" etc. Array is one of them). An Array can store information in a orderly manner. An Array consist of elements, each element can be considered as a variable (and yes, each element has its own datatype!). AutoIt can handle 16,777,216 elements in an Array, If you have an Array with 16,777,217 elements then AutoIt crashes. Q #2. Help! I get an error while declaring an Array!? A. You tried to declare an array like this: $aArray[1] = ["Data"] That is not the right way, Array is a special datatype, since its elements can be considered as individual variables you must have an declarative keyword like Dim/Global/Local before the declaration, So this would work: Local $aArray[1] = ["Data"] Q #3. How can I calculate the no. of elements in an array? A. The UBound function is your answer, Its what exactly does! If you have an multi-dimensional Array you can calculate the total no. of elements in that dimension by specifying the dimension in the second parameter of UBound Q #4. Why is my For...Next loop throwing an error while processing an Array? A. You might have done something like this: #include <MsgBoxConstants.au3> Local $aArray[10] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] Local $iMyNumber = 0 For $i = 0 To UBound($aArray) ; Concentrate here! $iMyNumber += $aArray[$i] Next MsgBox($MB_OK, "Sum of all Numbers!", $iMyNumber) Did you notice the mistake? UBound returns the no. of elements in an array with the index starting from 1! That's right, you need to remove 1 from the total no. of elements in order to process the array because the index of an array starts with 0! So append a simple - 1 to the statment: #include <MsgBoxConstants.au3> Local $aArray[10] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] Local $iMyNumber = 0 For $i = 0 To UBound($aArray) - 1 $iMyNumber += $aArray[$i] Next MsgBox($MB_OK, "Sum of all Numbers!", $iMyNumber) Q #5. Can an Array contain an Array? How do I access an Array within an Array? A. Yes! It is possible that an Array can contain another Array! Here is an example of an Array within an Array: ; An Array can contain another Array in one of its elements ; Let me show you an example of what I mean ;) #include <Array.au3> Global $aArray[2] $aArray[0] = "Foo" Global $aChildArray[1] = ["Bar"] $aArray[1] = $aChildArray _ArrayDisplay($aArray) ; Did you see that!? The 2nd element is an {Array} :O ; But how do we access it??? ; You almost guessed it, like this: ; Just envolope the element which contains the {Array} (as shown in _ArrayDisplay) with brackets (or parentheses)! :D ConsoleWrite(($aArray[1])[0]) ; NOTE the brackets () around $aArray[1]!!! They are required or you would get an syntax error! ; So this: $aArray[1][0] wont work! More FAQs coming soon!

Updates on the ODBC connection to AS400 / db2. Old topic but I have discovered parameters that saved my life. To connect to my company AS400 DB2 DB I used from 2011 the function _SQL_ODBCDSNConnect wrote by Inverti, on post #63 Now in a new server the same function in a new program won't work, "connection error". So I modified the function , specifying UID and PWD values, and now it's working. Later I found that during these years all was working because another program was bringing up the connection, passing the right values. You have always to configure an ODBC connection to as400 with a proper DSN name in administrative tools - ODBC data sources ; #FUNCTION# =================================================================== ; Name ..........: _SQL_ODBCDSNConnect ; Description ...: Starts a ODBC DSN Database Connection ; Syntax.........: _SQL_ODBCDSNConnect($ADODBHandle,$DSNName,$uid,$pwd) ; Parameters ....: $ADODBHandle - ADODB.Connection handle. ; $DSNName - name of ODBC DSN to connect to ; Return values .: On Success - Returns $SQL_OK ; On Failure - Returns $SQL_ERROR and $SQLErr is set. ; .Use _SQL_GetErrMsg() to get text error information ; Author ........: Arkadiusz Stanoszek ; Modified ......: t0nZ on september 2017 ; Remarks .......: added parameters for user and password of an AS400 odbc DB ; Related .......: ; Link ..........; https://www.autoitscript.com/forum/topic/51952-_sqlau3-adodbconnection/?do=findComment&comment=1365304 ; Example .......; no ; ============================================================================== Func _SQL_ODBCDSNConnect($ADODBHandle, $DSNName,$uid,$pwd) $SQLErr = "" If $ADODBHandle = -1 Then $ADODBHandle = $SQL_LastConnection If Not IsObj($ADODBHandle) Then $SQLErr = "Invalid ADODB.Connection object, use _SQL_Startup()" Return SetError($SQL_ERROR, 0, $SQL_ERROR) EndIf $ADODBHandle.Open("DSN=" & $DSNName&";uid=" & $uid & ";pwd="& $pwd) If Not @error Then Return SetError($SQL_OK, 0, $SQL_OK) Else $SQLErr = "Connection Error" Return SetError($SQL_ERROR, 0, $SQL_ERROR) EndIf EndFunc ;==>_SQL_ODBCDSNConnect

Update (https://regex101.com/r/e0X9Si/5): $pattern = "(?m)(?:https?:\/\/)?(?:www\.)?((?:[a-zA-Z\x{00a1}-\x{ffff}0-9.\-])+(?:\.[a-zA-Z]{2,63}))" - there are more characters allowed in sublevel domain - there are less characters in toplevel domains allowed - toplevel domain following the last dot has to have 2-63 characters Conrad

.... Just for the record, (for those who can be interested) The DOM's window object, has some methods that you can easly call from within AutoIt (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms535873(v=vs.85).aspx) One of this methods is setTimeout that allows you to execute a function or javascript code after an interval of time expressed in milliseconds. Well this is very interesting because it also allows you to execute chunks of javascript code passed as a string (of course the interesting is that you can pass the javascript code from within AutoIt). Also, if you set the timeout to 0, the code you passed is executed immediately. In my opinion, this method can be a perfect replacement of the execScript method no longer supported starting with IE11. Replacing this safer method in this snippet by @genius257 we can reference and call the eval Javascript function from within AutoIt, allowing interesting interaction between the two worlds (IE+javascript and AutoIt) here a simple and little example just to show what I'm talking about. #include <ie.au3> Local $oIE = _IECreate() Local $oDocument = _IEDocGetObj($oIE) Local $oWindow = $oDocument.ParentWindow ; I'm not been able (for now) to directly refeence the Javascript Global Object from within AutoIt ; anyway it can be referenced via the following JSglobal javascript variable accessed from AutoIt via the eval method $oWindow.setTimeout("JSglobal = (1,eval)('this');", 0) ; a reference to the JavaScript Global Object ; the following JSeval variable will be referenced directly from AutoIt (see below) $oWindow.setTimeout("document.body.JSeval = eval;", 0) ; a reference to the eval method Sleep(2000) ; give a little time to the browser to create above variables within the javascript environment. $eval = $oIE.Document.body.JSeval ; a reference to the eval javascript method from within AutoIt MsgBox(0, "Debug", "The $eval variable is of type " & VarGetType($eval) & @CRLF & "and is a refernce to the eval javascript method") ; Using the Javascript Global Object via eval ; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/scripting/javascript/reference/global-object-javascript MsgBox(0, "Debug", "Script infos:" & @CRLF & _ "-------------" & @CRLF & _ "Script Engine: " & $eval('JSglobal.ScriptEngine()') & @CRLF & _ "Script Version: " & $eval('JSglobal.ScriptEngineBuildVersion()')) ; calling javascript methods ; we use a javascript method to format a number ; and we get the result from javascript directly in an AutoIt variable by the javascript eval method $i = 1000000 ; an unformatted number Local $result = $eval('parseInt( ' & $i & ' ).toLocaleString();') MsgBox(0, "Debug", "This is a number formatted by javascript: " & $result) $eval("alert('Bye from JavaScript... see you later\nClick OK to quit')") _IEQuit($oIE)

read FAQ 31 and try the different spy tools and show the output of these spying apps (au3inf and simplespy: If it highlights you can program it) It looks a normal menu and most likely Au3Info snapshot will help. If not you have to a. switch to sendkeys (alt+h) b. switch to IUIAutomation see references in FAQ 31

What you need is WinMenuSelectItem().

Hi. Glad to help you. 1D-Array means only one dimension. Only one column with a lot of rows. 2D-Array means two dimensions. Many columns and many rows. Seldom used but possible even 3D-Arrays. Put just a third dimension. There are some more dimensions possible but hard to imagine and so not used so much. 1D: $aArray[n] 2D: $aArray[n][m] 3D: $aArray[n][m][k] Conrad

There you go

here until fixed or a reason for not been there

cag8f, Two ways to do what you want: - 1. Use #include to get the "function" file into your main script. The content of the file will be incorporated into your main script at the point where you have the #include line - so make sure all the required variables are declared beforehand. If you do this, passing parameters is as easy as it is for any other function and getting return values is simple. - 2. Keep the file as a separate entity and run it from within your main script. In this case you would have to pass your parameters as part of the invocation command line within the main script: Run(@ScriptFullPath & " /AutoIt3ExecuteScript Function_file.au3 param1 param2 ...") You would then use the special $CmdLine array to determine what the parameters are - details are in the Help file under <Using AutoIt - Command Line Parameters>. However, getting any return values back to the main script is more tricky - there are lots of threads on inter-script communication to help, though. Over to you - you know where we are if you run into problems. M23

Sorry 'bout that. I'll try to be less helpful next time!